Abahagarariye Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU), Qatar n’inzego zitandukanye za Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bahuriye mu Budage n’abashinzwe umutekano b’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), mu biganiro bigamije guteza imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’amahoro agamije gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Iyi nama yabereye i Garmisch, yibanze ku kunoza umushinga w’inyandiko igena uko ibikorwa by’umutekano bizashyirwa mu bikorwa, mu rwego rw’Urwego Ruhuriweho rwo Guhuza Ibikorwa by’Umutekano (Joint Security Coordination Mechanism — JSCM).

Nk’uko Biro ya Amerika ishinzwe Afurika ibitangaza, iyo nyandiko igamije kuyobora ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’inshingano z’umutekano zemeranyijweho n’impande zombi, zirimo ko RDC igomba guhangana n’umutwe wa FDLR, mu gihe u Rwanda rugomba gukura ingabo zarwo mu bikorwa birebwa n’ayo masezerano no gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi, hakurikijwe ibyo impande zombi zumvikanyeho.

Icyakora, uwo mushinga uracyategereje kwemezwa. Ibyo bivuze ko ibiganiro byabereye mu Budage bigaragaza intambwe mu gutegura ibikorwa, ariko bitaremeza ko ingamba ziteganyijwe zatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa.

Amasezerano y’amahoro n’uburyo bwo kuyashyira mu bikorwa

Ibi biganiro bikomoka ku masezerano y’amahoro yasinyiwe i Washington muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku wa 27 Kamena 2025, mu rwego rw’ubuhuza buyobowe na Perezida Donald Trump.

Ayo masezerano asaba u Rwanda na RDC kubahana ku busugire bw’ubutaka bw’ibihugu byombi, guhagarika gushyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro no kunoza ubufatanye mu by’umutekano.

Mu Ukuboza 2025, Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame na Perezida wa RDC Félix Tshisekedi bashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Washington agamije amahoro n’iterambere, azwi nka Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity. Ayo masezerano yashimangiye ko amahoro n’umutekano bigomba kujyana n’ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ishoramari.

Urwego rw’ubufatanye mu bukungu rwateganyijwe muri iyi gahunda rukubiyemo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ingufu, ibikorwa remezo, ubukerarugendo n’ubuzima rusange.

Intego ni ugukurura ishoramari, kunoza ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka no kugabanya ubucuruzi butemewe bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Amerika igaragaza inyungu mu guteza imbere uburyo burushijeho gukorera mu mucyo mu bucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro akenewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, arimo cobalt, umuringa, tantalum, zahabu na lithium. Aya mabuye akoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye, zirimo izikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.

Umutekano ukomeje kuba imbogamizi

Nubwo ibiganiro bya dipolomasi bikomeje, gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano biracyagorana kubera umutekano muke n’imirwano ikomeje mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Umuryango w’Abibumbye wakiriye neza amasezerano yo mu Ukuboza 2025, uyafata nk’intambwe ishobora gufasha mu kugarura icyizere hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Icyakora, wagaragaje ko gukomeza kw’intambara mu burasirazuba bwa Congo bikomeje kubangamira amahoro arambye.

Iyi gahunda y’ubuhuza bwa Amerika iri kugenda ibangikanywa n’ibiganiro biyobowe na Qatar hagati ya Guverinoma ya RDC n’umutwe wa M23. Uwo mutwe ntiwari mu bashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubuhuza hagati ya Kigali na Kinshasa.

Ibi bigaragaza ko gukemura amakimbirane yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo bisaba ibiganiro n’ubufatanye bw’impande nyinshi, kubera ko ikibazo kirimo imitwe yitwaje intwaro, impungenge z’umutekano w’ibihugu byo mu karere n’inyungu za politiki.

Hari impungenge zigaragazwa n’abasesenguzi n’abandi banenga iyi gahunda ko inyungu z’ubucuruzi n’ishoramari zishobora gutezwa imbere kurusha kurengera abasivili no kubazwa inshingano ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa abaturage.

Ese ibiganiro bizatanga umusaruro?

Ibiganiro byabereye mu Budage ni indi ntambwe mu kugerageza guhindura amasezerano ya politiki ibikorwa bifatika. Icyakora, umusaruro wabyo uzaterwa no kwemeza umushinga w’ibikorwa by’umutekano no kuwushyira mu bikorwa nk’uko impande bireba zabyiyemeje.

Ku Rwanda na RDC, ikibazo gikomeye kiracyari uguhindura amasezerano ya dipolomasi umutekano urambye, umubano mwiza hagati y’ibihugu n’impinduka zifatika ku baturage bibasiwe n’amakimbirane.

Intsinzi y’iyi gahunda ntizapimirwa gusa ku ishoramari n’ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ahubwo izanashingira ku kubahiriza amasezerano, icyizere hagati y’impande zombi, kurengera abasivili no gukomeza ibiganiro bigamije amahoro arambye mu karere.

Urushijeho kumenya. Urushijeho kwegera abandi.