Ikibazo cy’abimukira bava hirya no hino ku isi berekeza ku mugabane w’uburayi gikomeje gufata indi intera, ni mu gihe mu gihugu cya Canada bakomeje gufata ingamba zo gukumira abimukira binjira muri iki gihugu binyuranye n’amategeko afasha bageze muri iki gihugu bitemewe.
Ni mugihe kandi mu gihugu cya Canada hakomeje kugaragara ubwiyongere budasanzwe bw’abaturage kuko Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare muri Canada cyagaragaje ko abaturage b’icyo gihugu biyongereyeho miliyoni imwe mu mwaka umwe gusa, kuko bavuye kuri 38,516,138 bagera kuri miliyoni 39,566,248 ibi rero iyo witegereje usanga ari bimwe mubishobora gutuma iki gihugu cya Canada gishyira mu bikorwa itegeko ryikoreshwa ry’imipaka yabo.
Montreal, Québec – Canada na America byatangaje ko amasezerano yagura ububasha bwabo bwo kwirukana abasaba ubuhungiro bambuka umupaka uhuriweho n’ibihugu byombi, aho binjirira mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, bamagana abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Aya masezerano guverinoma ya Canada yavuze ko azatangira gukurikizwa k’umunsi wo ku wa gatandatu, yagura neza amasezerano yiswe “Igihugu cya gatatu gifite umutekano (STCA) ku mupaka wose wa America na Canada (Safe Third Country Agreement (STCA) to the entire US-Canada border).
Hari gushyirwaho gahunda yo kwambuka imipaka byemewe kandi hagashyirwa mu bikorwa n’amasezerano y’umutekano mu gihugu cya Canada.
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yavuze ko iki cyemezo kitazabuza impunzi n’abasaba ubuhungiro gukomeza kugerageza kwambuka umupaka w’ubutaka wa kilometero 6.416 (hagati y’ibirometero 3.987) ahubwo ko iki cyemezo bishobora kubasunikira gufata izindi nzira zishobora gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu akaga.
Dore ibyo wamenya kubyerekeye ayo masezerano.
White House yavuze mu mpapuro zerekana ko STCA ivuguruye izakoreshwa “ku bimukira bambuka ibyambu byinjira ibi b’ihugu bya Canada na USA”.
Ku wa gatanu, ibiro ntaramakuru Reuters byatangaje ko “bikurikije itegeko rya nyuma rizashyirwa ahagaragara mu gitabo cy’Amerika cy’amasezerano yavuguruwe azakoreshwa ku muntu wese utanga ‘ubuhungiro cyangwa ikindi kirego cyo kurenganurwa mu guhabwa ubufasha runaka’ mu bihugu byombi mu minsi 14 nyuma yo kwambuka umupaka. ”
White House yavuze ko kandi, Canada yemeye kwakira “abandi bimukira basaga 15,000 hashingiwe ku mategeko y’ikiremwa muntu” bavuye mu bihugu byo mu burengerazuba bw’isi, “nka Haiti, Colombia, na Ecuador, mu gihe cy’umwaka”.
Mbere yuko ayamategeko ibihugu byombi yaba America na Canada biyashyiraho kuva muri 2004 amategeko yagengaga umupaka
Kuva mu 2004, STCA yahatiye abasaba ubuhunzi gutanga ikirego cyo kurindwa mu gihugu cya mbere baba bagezeho – haba muri Amerika cyangwa muri Canada.
Ibyo byasobanuraga ko abantu basanzwe muri America cyangwa muri Canada ko batashoboraga gusaba ubuhunzi ku cyambu cyemewe cyo kwinjira muri Canada, kubabaga bari muri America bashaka ku injira muri Canada, cyangwa se kubabaga bari muri Canada bashaka ku injira muri America, kandi bakemererwa n’abashinzwe imipaka kwinjira mu gihugu kimwe mugihe wabaga uvuye muri kimwe na none cyangwa
abashinzwe imipaka bakaba bagusubiza abantu inyuma ku butaka bwemewe. Ibi kandi byanasobanuraga ko abantu basanzwe muri America badashobora kwaka ubuhunzi muri Canada.
Iyo urebye abantu bambuka binyuranyije n’amategeko bajya muri Canada ubona umubare ukomeza ku iyongera kuko imibare itangwa n’abapolisi ba Royal Canadian mounted police (RCMP) bavuga ko bafashe impunzi zisaga Ibihumbi 39,500 bambutse umupaka muri Canada mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko ,nkuko leta ya Canada ibitangaza ivuga ko abeshi bambukira mu ntara y’uburasirazuba bwa Québec. Muri Canada Kandi bavuga ko muri uy’umwaka wa 2023 kuva muri mutarama na Gashyantare hafashwe abarenga 9,500 bose bambutse umupaka binyuranyije n’amategeko mu mezi abiri gusa.
Kuruhande
rw’umupaka wa leta zunze ubumwe z’America nkuko ikinyamakuru bita CBS news cyibivuga cyemeza ko abantu 3,557 binjiye muri icyo gihugu bavuye muri Canada mu mwaka ushize.
Ibi rero bika ari nabimwe mubyatumye Minisitiri w’intebe wa Canada, Justin Trudeau, yarashyizweho igitutu cya politiki mu gihugu cye kugira ngo yongere ubwinshi bw’imipaka nk’imwe mu nzira zo gukumira iyambuka ryabi mukira mu bamushyizeho igitutu harimo abanyapolitiki b’aba conservateurs bo muri Québec ndetse no ku rwego rw’igihugu cya Canada muri rusange .
abasaba ubuhungiro bagera ku 40.000 binjiye muri Québec mu buryo butemewe, benshi bafashe inzira izwi cyane, itemewe na leta ya New York yo muri Amerika izwi ku izina rya Roxham Road. Amakuru ya CBC news avuga ko abenshi bari baturutse muri Haiti, Turkey, Kolombia na Chili.
Mu gihe cy’amezi, Minisitiri w’intebe wa Quebec, Francois Legault, yasabye ko umuhanda wa Roxham wafungwa ndetse n’abasaba ubuhunzi bakimurirwa mu ntara, avuga ko bitagishoboye guhangana n’abinjira.
Kuri iki cyumweru, Legault yohereje ubutumwa bwe mu bindi bice bya Canada, yandika ibaruwa ifunguye muri The Globe na Mail, kimwe mu binyamakuru bikomeye byo muri iki gihugu, yagize ati: “Igihe kirageze cyo guhagarika icyuho ku muhanda wa Roxham no kubahiriza imipaka ya Canada.”
Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, Legault yishimiye itangazo ryo ku wa gatanu ati: “Urakoze, Bwana Trudeau,” Minisitiri w’intebe yagize ati:
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Pearl Eliadis, umwarimu mu by’amategeko muri kaminuza ya McGill i Montreal, yavuze ko ayo masezerano ari “amagambo ya politiki yo gushimisha abanegura”.
Ati: “Abantu ntibashobora kubuzwa kumubiri kwambuka ahandi hose kumupaka, hafi yumuhanda wa Roxham cyangwa ahandi. Iki cyemezo kizakuraho gusa ikibazo kandi ni igisubizo gito ku kibazo cya macro, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Eliadis mu magambo yasangije kaminuza.
Nubwo leta ya Canada yemeza ko igomba gukora ibishoboka byose ikagenzura inzira zose abimukira banyuramo zitemewe n’amategeko hari ababona ko bishobora kuzabagora bitewe n’ingano yibigomba gushorwa mu kubunga bunga izinzira zose.
Nk’umwe mubashinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu akaba n’umukangurambaraga wa politiki muri Amnesty International Canada (AIC) witwa Julia Sande yagize ati: “Hejuru y’ubwiyongere budasanzwe ku biriho ubu, sinkeka ko hari igitekerezo cyatanzwe na guverinoma cy’uko bafite amikoro cyangwa ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imipaka yose.” . Sande akomeza agi ati: “Ibi ntabwo bizahagarika kwambuka mu buryo butemewe.ahubwo abantu baracyakeneye gushaka umutekano niba batagiye kurindwa muri America. ”
Iyi gahunda nshya ireba ibijyanye
n’umupaka muri Canada, Guverinoma yari yatangaje ko igomba gutangira gukurikinzwa ku munsi wo kuwa 6 hashize ku isaha ya 12:01 zo mu burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu, hakaba (04:01 GMT) ku isaha mpuza mahanga.
Hagati aho, hasigaye kurebwa niba icyemezo cy’urukiko rukuru rwa Canada, giteganijwe mu mezi macye ari imbere, gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mategeko mashya y’imipaka.
Muri iki gihe Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwa Canada rurimo gusuzuma ikibazo cy’amategeko kuri STCA, abarega ,bavuga ko barenze ku itegeko nshinga rya Canada kandi bagafungura abasaba ubuhungiro ku buryo America ishobora kubasubiza mu bihugu byabo.
Sande ati: “Igitekerezo cy’uko guverinoma yashaka kwagura [STCA] mu gihe tugitegereje icyemezo kuri icyo kibazo nta gitekerezo kirimo.” Ati: “Ibi ntabwo bizahagarika kwambuka mu buryo butaziguye. Abantu baracyakeneye gushaka umutekano niba batagiye kurindwa muri Amerika. ”
Inkuru dukesha; AL JAZEERA